What is Purchase Order in SAP MM?

What is Purchase Order in SAP MM

Purchase order is a formal request or instruction from purchase department to a vendor or aplant to supply or provide a certain quantity of goods or services at or by a certain point of time.

A purchase order consists of a document header and a number of items.

The information shown in the header relates to the entire purchase order For example, the terms of payment and the delivery terms are defined in the header.A procurement type is defined for each of the document items. The following procurement types exist: 

  • Standard
  • Subcontracting
  • Consignment
  • Stock transfer
  • External service

The total quantity of materials to be delivered or services to be performed that is defined in the purchase order item can be subdivided in the schedule lines into various partial quantities with the relevant delivery dates.

For PO items to be supplied by subcontractors, you can specify the necessary input materials or components that are to be provided to the subcontractor for assembly or processing in respect of each delivery date stipulated.

An item of the procurement type “external service” contains a set of service specifications.

Outline levels structure the service specifications and service lines determine the quantity ordered. Value limits are specified instead of service lines for services or work that initially cannot be specified precisely.

If services covered by an already existing contract are released (ordered, or called off against the contract), the PO item can contain a value limit relating to the contract in question.

Conditions : Conditions can apply at various levels:   

  • To the entire purchase order
  • At item level, to the material to be supplied or to the set of service specifications in the case of services
  • At service line level for individual services (tasks or activities).
Account Assignment (Open Purchase Orders)

 A key indicating whether an item is to be assigned to an auxiliary account (such as a cost center).The account assignment category determines which account assignment details are required for the item (for example, cost center or account number).


A

Asset

C

Sales Order

F

Order

K

Cost Center

M

Ind. Cust. w/o KD-CO

N

Network

P

Project

Q

Project make to order


PO History

The transactions following on from a purchase order are documented in the PO history on an item-specific basis.

Plant

In the purchase order, each item is destined for a certain plant. Each plant belongs to a company code, to which the vendor‟s (creditor‟s) invoice is directed.

Texts

You can enter text in a purchase order directly or change texts that are suggested by the  system. There are two kinds of text:

  • Header texts: apply to the whole document
  • Item text: apply only to the relevant item

 You define which texts appear in which order on printouts in Customizing for Purchasing. You can enter several header or item texts, which you can identify by your own codes.

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